Tuesday, December 16, 2014

Kes leptospirosis di tahap yang merisaukan

  Mohd Shubhi       Tuesday, December 16, 2014
Kes leptospirosis di tahap yang merisaukan
Jangan meredah air bertakung ketika hujan turun. Ini boleh elakkan leptospirosis
Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia melihat kes leptospirosis sedang berada di tahap yang amat merisaukan sekarang ini.

Banyak kes jangkitan Leptospirosis sedang berlaku di negara kita. Terbaru adalah kejadian kanak-kanak berumur 8 tahun meninggal dunia di Kedah setelah demam terkena jangkitan penyakit kencing tikus atau leptospirosisi ini.

Jumlah kes leptospirosis di KL

Berdasarkan rekod, kawasan Titiwangsa dan juga Kepong mencatatkan kes jangkitan Leptospirosis tertinggi berlaku tahun ini. Jumlah mereka yang dilaporkan terkena jangkitan Leptospirosis di Titiwangsa adalah berjumlah seramai 131 orang manakal di Kepong pula adalah berjumlah 87 orang.

Berdasarkan kenyataan daripada Dr Chong Chee Kheong, pengarah kesihatan terhadap kawalan penyakit. Jumlah yang terkena leptospirosis di Kuala Lumpur sahaja sejak Januari 2014 sehingga November 2014 adalah seramai 312 orang.

Pada sepanjnag tahun lepas iaitu 2013, jumlah keseluruhan kes yang dicatitkan di Wilayah Persekutuan adalah seramai 410 orang.

Sebab kemungkinan leptospirosis meningkat

Ada berbagai sebab kenapa kes leptospirosis ini menunjukkan peningkatan yang agak tinggi,

  • Kesedaran pengamal perubatan dan kesihatan dalam mengenal pasti jangkitan kes pada pesakit. Ini membuatkan jumlahnya bertambah berbanding dahulu yang mungkin sama tetapi tidak ada kesedaran untuk mengenal pasti jangkitan.
  • Kesedaran itu juga membuatkan pengamal perubatan menyediakan kelengkapan bagi membuat pemeriksaan dan diagnostik terhadap jangkitan leptospirosis.
  • Kegagalan mengadakan persekitaran yang bersih juga boleh turut sama menyumbang kepada masalah leptospirosis. Banyak kes pengurusan bahan buangan yang gagal berlaku di kawasan bandar sekarang.
  • Meningkatnya aktiviti riadah di kawasan sungai dan di taman reakreasi juga mungkin menyumbang pada kes jangkitan.
Untuk maklumat lanjut sila baca berita berkenaan isu kes leptospirosis di bawah yang dipetik dari the star online:

Leptospirosis, or rat urine disease, is spread to humans by animals. You can catch leptospirosis by touching soil or water contaminated with the urine of wild animals infected with the leptospira bacteria.

Dr Chong said more than 90% cases of leptospirosis were sporadic and occurred throughout the country. While there were other animals known to be carriers of the leptospira bacteria, he said, mice and rats could be reservoirs of the disease, so rodent control was important.

“Some of the preventive measures that should be taken by the public include choosing clean food premises and refraining from visiting any of the dirty food premises, maintaining cleanliness at home, and ensuring food and recreational premises are free of rodents and other pests.

“Rubbish and food scraps must be discarded properly,” he said in an email interview.

The issue of rodents and the diseases they spread was in the news again recently when an eight-year-old girl died after she was believed to have contracted leptospirosis some two weeks after picnicking with her family at a waterfall in Kedah.

A news report in an Indonesian newspaper claiming Kuala Lumpur had seven million rats was also highlighted in Parliament.

Federal Territories Minister Datuk Seri Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor rubbished the report while Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) Health and Environment director Dr Hayati Abdullah had responded by saying the emphasis should not be on the population size, but on ways to control them.

Dr Chong stressed that cleanliness was a major component to reducing the rat population and, by extension, leptospirosis cases.

“We are working closely with the relevant authorities to reduce rat density in populated areas. “Regular and proper garbage disposal, waste management as well as good drainage system are vital measures that should be undertaken by local councils. Cleanliness makes a difference,” he added. 

Meanwhile, Jalan Alor Hawkers and Traders Association vice-president Raymond Khue blamed insufficient rubbish bins as a reason for the rodent problem in the area.

“The bins located at the back lanes are small and not adequate for the amount of garbage generated daily. “Often rubbish is strewn around the bins as it spills over from bins that are too full. “Although some shops have taken precautions such as engaging pest control services on weekly or monthly basis, it only drives the rodents to migrate elsewhere so the problem is not stamped out,” he said. 

Khue said he hoped the proposed beautifying works by DBKL would help to tackle the issue. 

“Scheduled to begin next year, it was proposed that these back lanes would be revamped to allow for better and cleaner waste disposal system,” he said.
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